NAVIGATION nation of shame OF FAME TODAY TOMORROW:

Social Studies as a pilot

17 In the opening of the lecture series of the Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Taught by

Professor Emmanuel Osakwe

Grade (NIG), M.Ed. (Philadelphia), MA (London), PhD (Ibadan)

Professor of Social Science and Dean of the Graduate School

Delta State University, Abraka.

Thursday 26 February 2009

Copyright © 2009 University Delta, Abraka

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No part of this publication may be reproduced, recording in a retrieval system, or by other means, photocopying, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holder.

ISBN 978-33872 – February 7-4. 2009 Publication

Delta State University, Abraka,

Delta State, Nigeria.

Printed from

Judiciary and the press Jeco Publishers Ltd.

Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.

Preface / Foreword

This teacher is a teacher accused a + … Become a Star + Nigeria

(A song for my husband and Nigeria, new)

And he said, "Marry me, May!"

"I do not do something like get married to a" master, "said May

Slag professions: Professor – disqualified

Most say the voice of the persistent class – qualified

This teacher and transformed, master, prophet and priest.

The oil palm, brush and sponge, Banga Soup – Treatment of palm trees

By fire, by water, a knife, the causative agent of dental caries – Processed

Such as kerosene, diesel, gasoline, cream, gel, balm – crude oil processed

Osakwe Emmanuel, a master processor, a voice over

In addition to the Hall of Nations.

Response of grief, denial, denial, and then laughed,

Teachers are now installed in the gallery, we get:

My husband, my boss, my father

Developed by the fire, by water, denied legitimate

The head teacher of teachers

He is a teacher, the teacher of teachers teaching teachers. )

The Vice-Chancellor (Academic)

Provosts, Asaba and Oleh Campus

The acting secretary,

The Treasurer,

The librarian of the University

The Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences,

Dean of the Faculty of Education,

The deans of the faculties of other

Teachers and other members of the Senate

Department heads and other colleagues of the University,

The administrative and technical staff

My Lords Spiritual and Temporal,

Members of my family, nuclear and extended

My in-laws,

Distinguished guests,

Lords of the Press

Delsuites Grande

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Preamble

I am very honored and privileged to be asked to decide the inaugural conference of 17, the Delta State University, Abraka. I thank God for mercy trip to this meeting, and I think we are all safely home in Jesus' name – Amen.

You have bought and read the news today? How many stories you hear bloody mind? What is the last of militancy and criminality in the Niger Delta? What a pain! You can try to take your mind off the problems of depression and feed your mind with the dream of the size of Obama and thus our will. Yes to be able to welcome on this forum! For this reason, God given opportunity for us to reflect and discuss social problems similar to those proposed in this notice welcome. I fear that even if I is a monopoly on the word in this debate, we host a conference call. But forget about your worries to travel along to the drivers of our social studies, the embarrassment of the morning glory navigate today.

INTRODUCTION

The first thing to pay attention to the nature and purpose of social science and how they as a vehicle to serve the challenges of our time. In short, social science is to learn to live and the world at a time and place, that is the formula:

SSE = PSPT

P = Passenger

S = Society

P = Place

t = time

This conference is a discussion on an aspect of my academic experience and my contribution to the social studies as a field of knowledge, ESS is determined by the formula as directed and regulated by the nature of the social sciences.

Here, then P is the population of Nigeria, the Nigerian society S is p, the so-called geographical unit Nigeria Nigeria and the media yesterday, today and tomorrow. In this talk, Nigeria, yesterday in pre-colonial Nigeria includes the period before the Second Republic of Nigeria and is now extending the second period of the Republic until today.

We are aware that the public not only interdisciplinary, "clothing", but another "city". Then he tried to operate within the defined area.

Social Sciences covers all aspects of human existence: the man himself as a product of nature and man as a social product of education, resulting from social, political, economic and physical. Social studies, as long as a Real Instrument track reshapening or company identify. (Lawton and Durfour 1973, Osakwe 1993) the nature of the content and scope of social studies, makes him a male tool for the development of a new social – political. This professor has in this area are mostly social studies profession and has over 20 publications related to the current discourse. Four of them are listed here:

Osakwe, EO (1992) "Social Studies and the military in Nigerian politics" Nigeria Journal of Social Studies Review, Vol 2, No 2, p. 89-91

Osakwe, OE (1993a), Education for Citizenship: The Centre for Social Studies Review, Journal of Nigerian Studies. Vol 2, No. 3, p. 23-38.

Osakwe, OE (1994a) for the teaching of citizenship in a multiethnic society: teaching ideas. Studies in Education Vol second No. 1 April. Pp 60-64.

Osakwe, pedagogical strategies, EO (1994b) for social science teaching: the use of sample questions and Nigeria Social Studies Journal, Vol III No 1 and 2, p. 49-55.

In Nigeria, social sciences expressed in the school system after the 1969 conference of the National Programme has found. The theme is for the construction of individuals and so the design of the Nation (Osakwe 1993). The potential of the social sciences are not yet fully in our search for a suitable socio-political and economic exploitation.

Social sciences with human relationships. The world is changing and the social sciences is a real tool to examine these changes positive or negative. Social Studies focuses on the people (people) and everything that concerns them.

Areas of social competence of science

The knowledge as embedded in the social sciences to important generalizations about human relations, institutions and issues, with the support of facts, to ensure that these generalizations are understandable (and Osakwe Itedjere 1993). Social Sciences examines the issues and problems in a holistic approach – that is, to solve a problem or a problem, check social studies, the dimensions of the other historical, cultural, sociological, economic, physical e. A difference of vertical mergers, which in most subjects occurs, social studies takes a horizontal coil in the analysis of computer problems. Social Sciences has a strong affinity for the social sciences, but should not be regarded as an amalgam of social sciences.

Social science education is a way to help young people to solve a sense of hope in the future and confidence in their ability to social and environmental determinants of the population, community, state and country.

On this occasion, the conference will focus on one aspect of my subject and is of public interest - Explore the nation, the shame of Fame today for tomorrow: the social sciences as a pilot.

Overcoming the problems of yesterday, today and tomorrow, made three segments of the speech: Nigeria Nigeria, yesterday, today and tomorrow Nigeria.

NIGERIA – YESTERDAY

E 'simple, the problems of nation building in Nigeria to resolve today, without regard for our past and the world of the past that have influenced our past and present.

Mr Vice-Chancellor, Mr President, the education system we inherited from our colonial masters, although the movement has affected our culture and the people who considered the pillars of our democracy produces criticized and national development. Our education system was once very structured, organized and predictable. This was the time when education is the sole responsibility of the government or mission. The schools were adequately equipped and supervision has been effective. The school calendar has remained stable, with minimal disruption. A newcomer on the system could, if he / she will graduate to predict. Strength, not a candidate at the right time was not the fault of the school or institution, but the inability to graduate enough students to work as scheduled by the training center. The reporting period was characterized by students in primary and secondary schools that have uniforms uniform in truth. There was no provision for students to make their own seats or beds for detainees, giving them beds. The laboratories of secondary schools and universities are comparable to those obtained in other parts of the world.

His moral education is an integral part of training in 1970 before the end of the 80 in Nigeria. Connections between students and teachers, pupils and teachers and students and teachers at different levels of education was very largely professional. Failure to investigate incidents were rare and were undermining the integrity test is processed quickly. Incidents of students in a position to negotiate with their teachers or professors / teachers "incentives" to name were almost nonexistent. During the period under review academic standards in universities of the first generation of Nigeria was commendable and comparable with those obtained in more developed countries of Europe and America. This was the period of massive exchange of personnel at universities abroad. Our universities have a real leadership and international reputation, with teachers and students worldwide. Apart from the international perspective of our universities and researchers, university teachers were highly respected and were top of the league. Okech (2008) rightly points out that the mention of the title "professor" has a lot of attention. The Office of the Vice Chancellor was very honored. The Vice Chancellor was more respected than any person designated by the government.

Most Nigerians have gone through higher education experienced a form of financial or other support from the government. Education is a risk-value and was seen as the key that opened the door to success and fame.

Laziness, theft, prostitution, magnificent life, greed, oppression, social inequality, and space is extremely shameful in Nigeria in the past. It was a common practice, for example, for the seller, a day off in the locker room who have the trust of students deposit and collect the cards. Also the product for the charity day of substance use, as expected. social services frowned and had a great sense of responsibility among citizens, including officials. The workers reported their work on time and stayed at work until closing time. Schools and other institutions closed doors at 8 clock and stayed until closing time. Absenteeism is an aberration and something seriously frowned. There was no freedom, political associations, despite the political conflicts along the three major ethnic groups, with the exception of the environment that have a distinct political identity. It was for close relatives, the various political parties can live and still be in harmony. The sample Ikokus can confirm this fact – that father and son belonged to two opposite sides.

The people are political animals in general. The ability to organize people into groups with political motivations inherent in a basic instinct of man. Nigerian political system are very eloquent. And "the practice of traditional politics and the community that has always been with us. It was a mix of social and political tradition and the modern party. Because culture is not static, traditional practices are also being adapted to new challenges and developments, including good contacts between cultures, and their effects. The social life of a nation and its political culture influences most other areas of life. Nigeria is a political merger. This is significant for the country's cultural diversity. To a large part of the North is much more complex and politically sensitive. This probably explains the practice in the north, where our brothers are still with their radios and watch local and international news to stay informed. The social and political life of the party is not a feature of western education. Some southerners, who are, despite their educational level, politically naive and can not read or understand the political horizon. Nigeria's economy in this period was very stable and dependent on agriculture. This was the era of groundnut pyramids. Nigeria is the largest producer of peanuts, rubber, palm oil and almonds, soybeans, Benise and also an important producer of cotton, the second largest producer of cocoa. It was then that Malaysia came to Nigeria to get us for oil and rubber plants in your country to try. We know that both countries now in the production of palm oil and rubber.

solid minerals like coal, tin and columbite are mined in economic quantities and Nigeria were known to be a world leader in the manufacture of these minerals. The dynamics of the economy has been further strengthened with the discovery of black gold (oil) in Nigeria. Gradually, he began his focus to shift from agriculture oil … … …. The strength of the Nigerian economy. The Nigerian currency was strong and very determined at that time.

Prices 70-80

German-American British Nigeria

N1 Pd Stg DM U.S. $ 3.64

€ 1.51 $ 0.615

The above figures present a vivid picture of the strength of the naira at the moment.

Nigeria is well served by road, rail, air and sea. During this time there were over 95,000 km of paved roads and more than 3,200 km of railways of one meter. Nigeria had only two international airports in Lagos and Kano. Both the north and south of the country has large investments in infrastructure development attracted, especially railways and roads, and a certain level of social services such as electricity, water supply, hospitals, schools and universities. This period was by employees of the Public Works Department (PWD) said to compensate for the grass on the roads to ensure the long-range vision and clear to motorists and other road users. Roads are regularly maintained – even the streets were narrow and windy, sometimes year-round passable.

Nigeria Airways was the pride of West Africa. He stepped over other airlines in the sub-region. Nigeria pilots were recognized for their courtesy, competence and confidence. Off and landing was remarkably free of bumps and hiccups. Nigeria Airways has flown continuously in Europe, Asia, United States of America and several locations in Africa without fault. The year 10 AD, 737, 707 and 747 were constant on international routes, while smaller aircraft in the service of local (internal) routes. Closer to home, here was Sapele Obiaruku navigation on the river navigable Ethiopian and building materials were transported through this channel.

The safety of life and property was largely guaranteed at this time. You can through the night without fear of traveling from thieves. Travel at night is preferred by a number of Nigerians. Incidents of armed robbery was rare and was easy to trace the criminals. It was not modern, engaging in criminal activity because there is a widespread rejection of the Company or not, as someone who knew he had a different social or criminal.

Nigeria today

Currently, Nigeria has its values the dignity of the care, patriotism, high ethical standards, its abundant natural resources of the old familiar habits infamous as the "Nigerian factor", the exercise of injustice on known values, endemic corruption and mismanagement votes. Today, Nigeria is seriously ill, a deliberate self-harm. Most of what is happening in Nigeria now on the national shame, our pain and misery. The shame is manifest in our "new politics" that leads to violence marked the loss of life and property, manipulation and mass murder. Recipients who do not deserve to walk and seek to convince and confuse the masses to support the results of its trade policy. Almost immediately after the approval of the whole country, particularly Christians and Muslim religious leaders and others rushed selfish, lectured on the illusion that the government and the leadership elected and ordained by God and we must accept things as they are, with Al, to save our nascent democracy. But peace without justice can not stand the test of time and is an invitation to anarchy.

In contrast to obtain in the Western democracies and stable political organizations in which they declared that the election results within 24 hours after the close of business in Nigeria, which could take three days. In some ridiculous situations, such as local elections are even smaller geographic units for the administration, but days before the official results made public. Resistance generally leaves room for manipulation and control panel reached the numbers. Despite all these ridiculous figures are released later. In some cases, more votes than the number of registered voters. Multiple voting rights are not uncommon. The ruling Edo State revealed that voter voted fictitious and others have repeatedly voted in that half of voters across the Atlantic.

The foundations for a democratic state is stable and functional electoral process. This should be seen as a key element in a country like ours. The electoral process is a political choice by the people. In addition to discussions of market gossip and the course, the voice is the only activity which shows the degree of involvement of people in politics. If you vote in a free and secret elections, if the direction and amount of individual participation, with courage in his true form.

was carried out in a survey of Professor in 1998, the degree, the apathy of young people expressed was fantastic.

Percentage of participation in national elections

S / N

CATEGORY

NO ANSWER FOR EACH category of students

Total Students

Percentage of total

1.

No matter or undecided

162

250

65%

2.

Yes or interested

63

250

25%

3.

No, not interested or

25

250

10%

It was almost a decade before the fraudulent elections of 2007, monumental, but the figure shows a high degree of alienation and disillusionment with politics and elections among the youth. In most cases, this alienation and apathy high political level, the lack of interest. Effective public participation depends on the knowledge of how the system actually works.

Our citizens have not been systematically exposed how our political system. A number of our young people were aimlessly in the Nigerian politics. This led to misinformation and suppression of the political instincts of youth held in national affairs.

Our election process and results of the Wizard of protest is unprecedented in the history of elections in the world. Many Nigerians believe that one vote does not count – the results are given. This led to the grave of apathy and despair of much of the electorate (see Osakwe 1998, Ogino 2008) out. On 12 June 1993 elections, held without cause suffering Nigerians ignomity was canceled. Since then the situation has deteriorated. 'S understandably now much cynicism about elections and the elections for many Nigerians.

Another problem with this argument is that politics in Nigeria is not more than a means for the service rendered, but was a means of rapidly increasing wealth and public recognition. This resulted led to the development of a new policy for the twisted minds of the political expectations of the voters. Your life is marked by an extravagant lifestyle, luxury cars, including armored vehicles, accompanied by sirens and intimidation of suspected opponents and identify those that their new wealth and position are difficult to deal with refuse. What we see today is a repetition of the biblical saga Haman, Mordechai. Haman, a political novice, a large sum of money to ensure that the Jewish race to disappear simply because the Jew Mordechai bow to him is paid.

It is a sign of political immaturity that you try to use the opportunity to solve political problems. It is a show of shame and reflection of the struggle against a complex. The policy should be an interesting part of our national life, but now it is a matter of life or death, sometimes shivers up the spine of the population. Therefore, the organization or the conduct of elections in Nigeria war and many lives have been elections in Nigeria.

Political killings

Between 1999 and 2009, 39 cases of policy – murders were reported in the country. The timing of these murders show that it is usually more common in the years before the election and the election of the case. For example, there were 17 murder cases between 2002 and 2003 nine cases between 2005 and 2007 (prior to the elections and other elections) recorded.

Political killings – 1999-2009 (- graphic)

In the last elections in Nigeria firearms were freely used. Jos crisis in November / December 2008, more than 500 lives in the chaos that the election was lost, lost. Many victims were admitted to hospital with gunshot wounds. How does it work with what prevails in other parts of the world, where respect for the results of the elections and the elections in an orderly way is performed to compare?

A common feature of the political landscape in Nigeria is the recycling of individuals and families – the impression that it is an eternal mandate that individuals and families should always be there to give. How to explain a situation in which some politicians, the contemporaries of the late sage, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe was to continue to walk the corridors of power. There are people who were in political flirtation over 29 years of military dictatorship in the era of democracy in Nigeria. Too bad, almost two years after the 2007 general elections, but there's still plenty to decide court cases.

It is a fact that after the controversial elections in Nigeria, the efforts to search for a reform process that the tree in water in the elections transparent, free and fair, that the bitterness joined remove whoever the results of the survey welcomed in April 2007, and literally created hatred and anarchy.

How long will Nigerians live with this degree of uncertainty and resentment? When holding transparent elections at the end the loser is fast, even admit defeat and congratulate the winner? In U.S. elections 4 November 2008, courtesy of the victory of presidential candidate John McCain a Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama in less than 24 hours after the polls closed. not the winner and a loser in American elections have to wait for the Chief Electoral Officer announces the results of the election results of the most famous of the world. It is based on the results, as announced live based on Cable News Network (CNN).

E 'revealing that the National Television of Nigeria, the Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) Live coverage of U.S. elections had. Why was it not possible to fulfill our national elections in vivo. Some international observers were entry and reports approved by our electoral authorities refused, however, went Nigerians to Ghana to observe the election! Our electoral process is not transparent and acceptable. It remains to be done nationally and internationally.

CORRUPTION

Corruption is here used to enter a state or condition of deception, dishonesty, illegality, lawlessness and injustice, for power, money or the position of private interests and section.

Corruption has become endemic in Nigeria and create a culture of corruption in a corrupt society. A company, and those present in nature in its genre, except that there is a surgery or drastic cultural change as a result of the time: remember the formula for the social sciences. Nigerian society provides a fertile ground for fraudulent practices that led to the institutionalization of corruption. A corrupt society like Lewis (2008) produced corrupt leaders and followers, copy, or create corrupt leaders and corrupt institutions corrupt institutions to a multiple compromised systems to create. This may explain why almost no institution or system that is free of corruption in Nigeria. Religious institutions are not exempt from it. Corruption is indeed the worst enemy of Nigeria, to prevent the citizens from the enormous natural resources. Corruption is harmful to economic growth. The increase in income inequality and poverty through economic growth. It promotes and supports the unequal distribution of property ownership and unequal access to education (Olajide, 2008).

Despite the establishment of agencies against corruption, such as the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and Independent Corrupt Practices and other fight related crimes (ICPC), advised the corrupt practices of the Commission, manifests itself clearly in various ingenious ways and the way in Nigeria. The beast of corruption was the bane of the country in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Recently, in an interactive session with the House Committee on drugs and narcotics and financial crimes, the director of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) says that some Nigerians in the fall made world prices and has criss crossing the world day and night to purchase the stolen property with the money from the country have been. The perpetrators of this crime knows how to beat all the mechanisms, their harmful activities reviewed. Our image has been seriously undermined by the activities of corrupt Nigerians. Corruption in Nigeria is also reflected in Internet fraud and progress without fraud (also known as 419). A number of innocent Nigerians and foreigners are victims of Internet fraud in advance. A number of young people today live longer and thick, with the proceeds of corruption and fraud.

Nigeria's image has been bad in the world because of fraudulent practices shaken some of our citizens. Many Nigerians are languishing in prisons of various countries – some of which are not so lucky, have been committed by the authorities of the countries that carried out atrocities. was the war against corruption seems addressed during the regime of Obasanjo are. Yar Ardua government has promised that there be no sacred cows in his fight against government corruption. However, his war against corruption on cynicism and skepticism serious redistribution after the former president of the agency in the fight against corruption and its many suffering since then has been led to his dismissal. It is a sad and sends a very negative signal to Nigerians and the international community.

The time of the crusade against corruption ends and some observers are really worried, because the suffering of the masses, they were feeling by some people who use the money for the good of the masses kidnapped caused personal gain. One obvious reason why corruption continues to have the length and breadth of Nigeria may pass through, that the three branches of the lips of a public service to its eradication.

Corruption has undermined the political and general character of our people is immense and incalculable. The uneasiness pervades all strata of society, including public institutions. Following this review, 5 November 2008, nothing works well because of corruption in Nigeria. Many roads are in poor condition, even if you try to rehabilitate roads, corruption can not be a complete and sustainable.

Education and corruption

Sexual harassment has become so ubiquitous in higher education in Nigeria. It is a very worrying state of the situation. The issue of sexual harassment in schools has attracted the attention of a number of scientists – (Osakwe 2008 Igborgbor 2008, Okech, 2008). Sexual harassment is a manifestation of power relations and very often girls and women are on the receiving end. Sexual harassment is not confined to a plane Ages – Some older people, the researchers included terribly well known in the game. Some researchers have lost their jobs in the offense. Some continue to operate and pollute the girls and openly flaunt their sexual adventures. Girls and married women were traumatized, all in an attempt to acquire a diploma or degree at other universities. Closely related to the problem of sexual harassment and corruption in our educational system from primary school to university posts. Students are forced to pay royalties or other. The signing of the Referee's report, the office, of course, the card data – all the costs to attract illegal. Some time in the history of Nigeria,

Teachers at all levels of education gained enormous respect from the public. Discipline as honest and morally above the lounge, the more popular it was necessary to find a master each time a public service, a person of integrity is cleared. They had justified the aura of the sacred and their fans every time you contribute their know-how to influence public affairs had. However, it appears the academic integrity of the sacred, to have a license in the country continues to stink of corruption (Aghedo 2008).

In the past two years, three teachers paid the price for the sexual exploitation of girls and had to be disgraced out of office. There are many more waiting to be unhappy. academic corruption is choking on various dimensions of plagiarism, taken to victimization, academic freedom and the erosion of mentoring in the production of foot soldiers / hostage-Uni "- in which young researchers by senior colleagues have no choice but to the will of his Lord to do. Academic freedom, which is originally from the university system and erodes quickly gives way to the campus dangerous political, bands and interest groups – whose interests are certain things other than academics.

lack of examination has become a serious problem for education in Nigeria. The phenomenon has become monstrous, and takes only a few very courageous steps to clear and merciless. The situation is unfortunate is that some people should resolve the problem the result of the negligence of the tests themselves.

Absence of a gender analysis is not restricted, children are in the industry.

Transport and corruption

Airports lack of necessary equipment, the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) is not possible to identify the sites of destroyed air. The ultimate challenge, the place some months later by hunters. Railway lines are still failures – some rail lines are used by traders to their goods.

The general attitude of corruption

The people do not give the sadness and the impact each time you listen billion naira stolen from public coffers, as it has become commonplace. For example, it was reported that in a month, a past Governor N1bn (in billions of naira) for their own security – a condition in which there was a war, or splitting of the order.

The level of corruption in Nigeria today is a product of the contradictions and irregularities of the war against corruption – After defeated by General Murtala Mohammed in 1975 and 1976, monitoring the Buhari / Idiagbon and later by Nuhu Ribadu who is the monster to its knees . But the choice of Muhammad Buhari and General Babangida, who governed between 1985 and 1993. In contrast to the Buhari regime, the hard looters of public housing, receive most of which various prison terms, total assets of different actors have Babangida and then is fired into the ranks of the officers. Call it a reward for corruption! This story can be repeated if the situation Nuhu Ribadu, is allowed to continue. Call it punishment for the fight against corruption! The war against corruption asleep.

Corruption and energy sector

Two thousand (2,000) megawatts of electricity in 2008 compared to 3,000 in 2003 generated. These numbers are ridiculous. South Africa with a population of 60 million generates 45,000 MW and the South African government tries to increase its capacity to 60,000. As Nigeria continues to assert that the giant of Africa? to make our industry and small business own power – how can you break even, given the exorbitant cost of production by the absence of regular supply of public power. How can the industry can only dream of Nigeria is updated in the light of current energy challenges. Despite the president to explain the plan to a state of emergency in the energy sector, things have not improved. Small businesses, artisans and various independent Nigerians were forced to close down due to lack of availability of energy.

Reported (Tell December 8 in one month (November 2008) the deteriorating condition forced the Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) for loss of production capacity of 800 MW announce – in the same period of Sapele Power Station was completely extinguished and the plant was in Lagos Egbin "capacity reduction" in operation. After exactly 10 days, PHCN said the additional loss of 200 MW. All these factors were for the 12-hour power rationing in the turning, to keep the system stable and to ensure even distribution of the limited production facilities. Under the rotation plan, PHCN divided the country into zones. Each zone is to feed for 12 hours, although this is no guarantee that the light came. Some parts or the lack of electricity supply in the country is more regular network. The "promised" additional 6,500 MW by 2009, far short of our demand for electricity is expected in Nigeria.

We are better informed (Tell December 2008) that each university spends about N120 billion per year in oil. What will be reinvested in other critical areas of the university administration for a colossal waste of money. Not many universities in Nigeria, you can also afford to spend this impressive sum of money for electricity. This is of course not the regular bills from PHCN.

Corruption and the STEEL INDUSTRY

The iron and steel industry has swallowed billions of dollars since 1980 – but there is nothing to display. The federal government created the Ajaokuta and Delta steel plant with three Canadian plants Osogbo, Jos and Katsina. Plants and steel plants are to do justice, not in a position to the wishes of the Nigerian steel mainly because of corruption and bottlenecks beaurcactic. What we have now is more like a museum of steel instead of steel plants. How do you explain the astronomical costs of imported products of iron and steel, where it is assumed that the manufacturer of the product? In some systems, components and spare parts are no longer produced in the world. The components are completely obsolete, so that engineers cut up to existing components, to the point that there is nothing to propose.

The Minister of State and supervision of the Ministry of Mines and Steel Development, said recently Nigerians, be patient with the pace of development, said: "You is not a government to go slow." Unfortunately, Nigerians, but I can not believe that the present and the past administration is no clear strategy on how the iron and steel industry, Nigeria has industrial take-off position restructuring. How long will Nigerians expect the introduction of a steel industry efficient? Many Nigerians were sent to Europe, Russia and Japan to receive training for iron and steel. All these high-level human resources have been dropped against the privatization policies of the previous management. Some plants were transferred to political partners and members of the government.

The iron and steel is the basis for all key technological and industrial development of any nation. Nigeria can not afford a perennial importer of steel products will remain. This area should contribute significantly to the economic development of Nigeria. It seems clear timetable, leading to Nigeria to become a major player in the development of steel on the African continent. As the dream of Nigeria, one of the top 20 economies in the world is realized by the year 2020? Comment faites-vous quand les usines d'acier primaire ont été dans de mauvaises mains privatisées? The control of the primary source of steel (level) is the control of industrial development. The iron and steel is an important area of economic development can not be left in the hands of foreign investors and host communities.

The railway line between devoted to Delta Steel Company, Aladja, Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited and Nigerian Iron Ore Mining Company has not completed Itakpe – until this is done, the total value of the company has not been observed. The line of the proposed railway, as well as numerous other government projects is more like an abandoned project that suffers from outdated quickly. The Niger was dredged and the Escravos estuary is not yet clear. liquid steel in Ajaokuta without all these things will be produced on the market.

Killings

A problem that has troubled many Nigerians and chills in the back of the citizenship has to do with the extra-judicial executions. A number of families from the loss of their loved ones have been traumatized in the border incidents of extrajudicial killings. The downside of this development is that the test be completely erased or the victim is portrayed as criminals – not the dead can speak for themselves. Some examples reinforce the point here – there are almost two decades, a Nigerian athlete Dele Udo star was killed by police at a roadblock. This was the fate of a number of innocent Nigerians in police roadblocks throughout the country at one time or another. In 2002, some shops along the Oken – were recovered by police Lokoja road, they would have stopped a lot of money found on them. The police tied to traders and packages on the bus and set fire to it, leaving you with their millions of Naira. One of the dealers have survived miraculously, escaped and reported the incident. The officers were arrested at the end, tried and duly punished. A renowned journalist, Bayo Awosika death also on the border of extrajudicial executions. It was alleged that he died when his car a police car, then hit a somersault several times before landing on another part of the road. Sommersault Despite the statement that there were no teeth in the car, was the hand brake of the car still Bayo, and had a piece of wood under the car. The autopsy revealed that the boy was killed by missile injuries – namely, moved quickly to pass a metal (ball) hit. It could be another case of extra-judicial executions. The case of Mr. John Abah in Benue is still very fresh. On 14 November 2008, bullets from a patrol of the police team approached the boy had fired that evening to relax with friends, though his life had been interrupted. The incident that led to his untimely death was a rupture between the deceased and a policeman in a public brewery. In 2006 the police killed a boy in the same city – Oturkpo, more of a protest by local residents PHCN center because of a power failure.

On 2 December 2008 forced the authorities of the Lagos State University to issue a press release announcing the resumption of their students. This was in 25th November 2008 by four students of the university, who had taken the local property away. As a result of the rapid reaction of the authorities of the Lagos State University, the state government has acted. The police were wrongly arrested and later released. A student has finally succumbed to his injuries, rescue, despite the combined efforts of the Government and the Lagos State Lagos State University, to his life. The question is how long Nigerians endure this brutal and senseless murder of its citizens by the people who should protect them? The murder of a student in Athens, Greece in December 2008 sparked protests by students and faculty of several days. The killing of a Brazilian in the UK for a terrorist attack led to the prosecution of the case to the police. In December 2008 a woman was killed in the state of Ogun – was seized by an armed robber. Police struggle to explain the mind because it was an armed robber. A young man was killed by a policeman outside a bank in Benin City to participate in a fight outside the bank – the accident occurred in January 2009. In the same month of January, a young man was killed by police in Lagos, under unclear circumstances. Some commercial drivers license or victims of police shootings or other forms of brutality, and his refusal to part with their money illegally required to "without usual."

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Following the Millennium Declaration at the Millennium Summit in New York, 6-8 September 2000, Nigeria is committed to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. These objectives have subjected to measurable improvements in the lives of the poorest of the world.

Goal I: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Poverty continues to millions of Nigerians eye to eye. The degree of hunger is clearly in funerals, weddings and other events, which are served food and drinks by a few generous resist. At these meetings to fight too many surprise guests for food. Worse, they are teenagers who are impatient for people milling duly notified to leave the house for them to eat or take. Many of our young people have is dealt scavengers in the middle a lot.

According to Bolat (2008), poverty exists when people lack the means to satisfy their basic needs. These can be defined, as the needs necessary for survival or general requirements in accordance with the present standard of living in the community. Poverty describes a situation in which the resources of the nations "(material, social and cultural rights) in a limited way these people off the street to a minimum rule of life. Poverty has many facets (Bolat 2008), including loss of access to public services and infrastructure, illiteracy and ignorance of the unsanitary environment, health, insecurity, lack of language and social exclusion, including low-income families and food insecurity.

Between between 1980 and 1996, the proportion of poor by 28.1% in 1980 to 65.6% increased in 1996. This translates in terms of the numbers to 17.7 million poor in 1980 to 67.1 million in 1996. It is estimated that by 2015, between 30.1 million and 40.4 million people still live in poverty in Nigeria.

After the African Forum and Network on Debt and Development (AFRODAD 2005), Nigeria, with annual per capita income of only $ 300, among the 20 poorest countries in the world. Nigeria is estimated at around 3% while the national savings rate is growing at 15%. In the midst of other challenges of deteriorating infrastructure and corruption, like Nigeria reached a Millennium Development Goal number?

After independence, Nigeria has steadily declined in the group of countries with low human development, by a ratio (HR) of less than 0.5 (on a scale of 0-1) indicated. With a score of 0 470, Nigeria occupies a modest 158th, where countries such as Eritrea and Senegal are better. It's a shame really. How can you say that the Republic of Benin and Rwanda highest on the scale of GDP per capita of Nigeria.

Table 1: Human Development Index of Nigeria 2005

Value HND

Life expectancy at birth (years)

Literacy Rate

(Between 154% and more)

primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrollment rate, the combined ratio (%)

GDP per capita (PPP U.S. $)

1. Iceland (0968)

1. Japan (82.3)

1. Georgia (100.0)

1. Australia (113.0)

1. Luxembourg (60228)

156. Senegal (0499)

163.Botswana (48.1)

102.Algeria (69.9)

136.Nepal (58.2)

158.Rwanda (1206)

157.Eritrea (0483)

1653rd Côte d'Ivoire (47.4)

103.Tanzania (Vereinigtes
Republik) (69.4)

137.Equatorial Guinea (58.1)

159.Benin (1141)

158.Nigeria (0.470)

165.Nigeria (46.5)

104.Nigeria (69.1)

138.Nigeria (56.2)

160. Nigeria (1128)

159.Tanzania (Vereinigte Republik) (0.467)

166.Malawi (46.3)

105. Guatemala (69.1)

139. Bangladesch (56.0)

161. Eritrea (1109)

160. Guinea (0456)

167.Guinea-Bissau (45.8)

106.Lao Demokratischen Volksrepublik (68.7)

140.Yemen (55.2)

162. Äthiopien (1055)

177.Sierra Leone (0.336)

177.Zambia (40.5)

139.Burkina Faso (23.6)

172.Niger (22.7)

174. Malawi (667)

Human Development Report 2007/2008 of leaflets countries – Nigeria

Table 2: Selected indicators of human poverty for Nigeria

Human Poverty Index (HPI-1) 2004

Likely not to survive past age 40 (5) 2004

the illiteracy rate among adults (15% or more) 2004

People without access to improved water sources (%) 2004

underweight children by age (0-5%) 2004

1.Chad (56.9)

1.Zimbabwe (57.4)

1.Burkina Faso (76.4)

1.Ethiopia (78)

1.Nepal (48)

27.Yemen (38.0)

12.Congo (Democratic Republic (41.1)

34.Lao Democratic People's Republic of (31.3)

8.Congo (Democratic Republic (54)

22. Angola (31)

28. Burundi (37.6)

13.Guinea-Bissau (40.5)

35. Guatemala (30.9)

9. Fiji (53)

23.Maldives (30)

29. Nigeria (37.3)

14.Nigeria (39.0)

36.Nigeria (30.9)

10. Nigeria (52)

24.Nigeria (29)

30.Malawi (36.7)

15.Cote d'Ivoire (38.6)

37.Tanzania (United Republic of) (30.6)

11.Madagascar (50)

25.Sri Lanka (29)

31.Rwanda (36.5)

16.Uganda (38.5)

38.Algeria (30.1)

12. Mali (50)

26. Philippines (28)

108. Barbados (3.0)

173.Iceland (1.4)

164.Estonia (0.2)

125.Hungary (1)

134.Chile (1)

Human Development Report 2007/2008 – Country sheets – Nigeria

Tables 1 and 2 summarize the status of the dirty situation regarding the classification of poverty in Nigeria and worldwide. What is the feasibility MGD1 to this incredible level of poverty in Nigeria?

Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education

The National Education Policy (2004, as amended), that "the government recognizes education as the best instrument for achieving national development. Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC) with the responsibility to ensure that Nigeria, the goal of universal primary education by 2015 is charging. How to achieve this noble objective lack of cooperation from various states of the federation, were not the conditions of access to public financing program for basic education? Less than 50% of Indian states are able to meet the payment of counterpart funds. Until this is done, as states of default and by extension can not the country of the 2015 deadline for achieving universal primary education. What could the poor attitude of the state governments to meet their various parts of the "obligation in this regard? It is possible that education underestimate of the current players or the conditions of democratic access to the funds are not usually huge financial losses in the wrong hands?

Nigeria supports Jometien World Conference on Education for All (EFA) in 2000, the targets for the development of early childhood, primary, junior high literacy and adult sets. The trend in the gross enrollment rate (GER) large fluctuations shows the numbers between 1991 and 2000. Enrollment is essentially 1990-1994 from 68% to 86%. Since then the registry to 81% in 1995 and has fallen 70% in 1996. Thus, Nigeria is not the goal of EFA 2000 Jometien achieved.

The Universal Basic Education (UBE) contains the guidelines that each elementary and secondary school must have a general science laboratory for basic science and home economics, a breakdown of the toilet for a maximum of 40 students and focused students in a bathroom to inform a teacher or manage 40 students or students. These conditions, which can be obtained in our schools is utopian, and may not be possible for the year 2015. Very few schools have the appearance of a laboratory. Shrubs in the vicinity of the health services in some of our schools.

Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women, promote

The purpose of this goal is to eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005 and at all levels of the education system later than 2015. These indicators are:

– Ratio of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education.

– Ratio of women and men 15-24.

– Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural

– The proportion of female deputies in the national Parliament.

The gender gap is still very much in access to primary, secondary and higher education, the unequal access to employment (Millennium Development Report 2004)

An estimated 50% of Nigeria's population are women and girls, but the gender differences in access to pre-colonial primary, secondary and tertiary sector and its roots in traditional African culture. It is the goal of gender equality and empower women by 2015. The answer is obviously negative. The company must be prepared with gender stereotypes and acceptance that females can not aspire to greater heights enables the company to consider. The secular notion of women as it take for the children to the needs of men and women should be discarded. to get women elected in every profession, excel, managers are very good and best of families and society. There should be no discrimination based on sex in the workplace, whether public or private.

Goal 4 – Reduce child mortality

The National Report on Millennium Development Goals (2004) found that there is little progress in reducing child mortality. The estimates of the 2003 National Demographic and Health Survey put the mortality rate of 217 per 1000, with wide regional variations. Urban and rural areas were under five mortality rates 243-153 for 1000 and 1000 respectively. The projection of these objectives, there must be a reduction of two thirds (2 / 3) of children under five by 2015. In other words, should Nigeria be able to reduce the moral development of children under five years 49 per 1000 in 2015. It is highly unlikely that Nigeria meet the 2015 target of reducing child mortality by two thirds (3.2).

The main obstacles to the achievement of MDGs 4, access to medical care (poverty), HIV / AIDS, maternal health and poor. Health care cost money and it is not for the poor that unfortunately the majority of the population of Nigeria is available. Corruption and greed are not allowed free health care for the poor. Unfortunately, our politicians need to ensure high quality of medical facilities in our health care institutions have failed in their responsibilities. This may be the same people who can afford to travel abroad with minimal discomfort.

Availability of health services, 1996 – 2000

(People Per'000)

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

Number of doctors

0.212

0.207

0.201

0223

12:22

Number of hospital beds

0.677

0.643

0.613

0.575

0.639

The table shows the same deplorable state of health facilities in Nigeria. What efforts are to ensure that the situation will change radically in the positive direction of 2015?

Goal 5: Improve maternal health

The purpose of this objective is to reduce maternal mortality by three quarters zwischen 1990 and 2015. While there is slight decrease in maternal mortality since 1990, remains high the level to about 1,000 per 100,000 live births by the end of 1990 2,001th The national rate of maternal mortality is 704 per 100,000 live births, with regional differences (MDG Report 2004)

Maternal mortality in Nigeria, as in most developing countries are often the result of a lack of empowerment of women and their unequal access to employment, finance, education, basic health care and other resources.

The challenges for achieving the Millennium Development Goals include 5 cultural teenage pregnancy, practices, lack of medical staff and other infrastructure, particularly in rural areas. Nigeria accounts for 10% of maternal mortality (UCAID 2008).

52 000 Nigerian women die each year from complications related to pregnancy. Lanre-Abass (2008) stated that the majority of births occur in Nigeria (66%) at home. A smaller percentage of women who have post-natal care, which is crucial for the prevention and treatment of complications in the first two days of delivery. Health system in Nigeria has been plagued by problems of quality of service, including the hostile attitude of health personnel (doctors and nurses), lack of knowledge, deteriorating infrastructure, lack of essential medicines and counterfeit medicines.

Goal 6: HIV and other diseases of malaria, AIDS

It is estimated that over 4.5 million Nigerian adults and children with HIV / AIDS in 2008. Cumulative AIDS deaths in 2008 was about 4.2 million people. These are alarming figures that any group of people (Osakwe 2008) should be angry. The age group most affected by the virus contains 20 to 29, while regions are North, Northeast and South-South zones with the highest prevalence rates. It is surprising to learn that the University treated for 10 800 people with HIV from January to October 2008th

Several factors contribute to the spread of HIV / AIDS in Nigeria, including sexual practices such as polygamy networks, a high prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STIs.), condom use, poverty, illiteracy, health, stigma and irresponsible sexual behavior. The prevalence of malaria in Nigeria has remained high, and this is helping carry due to the amount of blocked drains and dirt which malaria. A million deaths annually due to malaria in Nigeria. The fact that an insufficient number of qualified medical personnel to implement national programs such as AIDS remains a major challenge for achieving the MDGs 6th

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

Nigeria is still grappling with the challenge of environmental sustainability. There are important questions, the degradation, pollution, flooding, erosion, desertification, inefficient use of energy resources, loss of biodiversity, natural disasters, deforestation and land. There is still no access to adequate sanitation facilities in Nigeria, the poor implementation of health and housing policy and other pole may be assigned.

By Dr. Sandra Smith, Director of Institutional Relations, Global Education semester, in January 2009.

The number of U.S. students studying abroad seems to be increasing significantly on an annual basis. Although it is not enough research to understand why … to believe that this generation of "millennial" students the basic needs, others who are different understanding of the business, political and global welfare is generally understood successfully.

In 2008, the IIE Open Doors report shows that in 2006-2007, the study abroad students from the U.S. by 8% over the previous year and an increase of almost 150% compared to 1996-1997 (Source:.? http://opendoors.iienetwork org / p = 131 592). IIE Open Doors report was the main source of data for the inclusion of international education in the United States for decades. However, it is unclear whether the significant increase in study abroad participation data is not simply the result of the collection of data and better communication efforts in the last ten years.

Open Doors 2008 Report also indicates that American students in the university programs in different geographic areas and some increases in the reporting of study abroad destinations. "The number of American students in China, Argentina, South Africa, Ecuador and India have 20 percent last year." (Source: http://opendoors.iienetwork.org/?p=131592).

However, the 2008 Open Doors report shows a significant interest in Cyprus. Why an American student exploring Cyprus as a destination for relevant and useful to study abroad?

Therefore, when participation in study abroad is increasing and students are increasingly seeking non-traditional areas, because so few U.S. Students Abroad in Cyprus? Unofficial reports suggest that up to 2005 have less than five (5) U.S. students studied abroad in Cyprus every year.

We can only know why Cyprus has never been a place of common study abroad for American students to speculate. But some of the key assumptions are:

1. Few Americans know much about Cyprus

2. because the Greek language in Cyprus, would many American students study abroad advisor wrong to assume that if students are fluent in Modern Greek language, it would not be possible to study in a university Cyprus

3. There are very few schools and universities in Cyprus

4. Institutions of Cyprus has encouraged the study of U.S. foreign policy

5. for Cyprus, a partnership between the two communities by a demilitarized zone of the United Nations divided, some people might think that Cyprus is a dangerous place

6. why Cyprus is so close to the "Middle East" Some people may think this is an Arab nation and / or to safety problems with "Middle East" have associated countries

It requires no sophisticated research to know that most of these obstacles to study abroad in Cyprus should be no obstacle at all.

I would like to see the possibility that American students study abroad in Cyprus and the importance of students study abroad advisor and explore Cyprus as relevant and meaningful study abroad destination to be determined.

Let us first look at the barriers to study abroad in Cyprus.

1. Few Americans know much about Cyprus.

– What !?!?!?!? Let us learn!

– What most people know about Cyprus, love

– Cyprus is a modern and prosperous European Union (EU) and should be known by the Americans

2. Since the first Greek language in Cyprus, would many American students study abroad advisor wrong to assume that if students were fluent in Modern Greek language is not in a position at an institution studying Higher education in Cyprus.

– Yes, the official language of Cyprus in Greek, but the majority of the population is multilingual and speak English as a second language

– The University of Nicosia use English as official language (wait at the School of Education) for education and government

– Students who do not speak Greek can easily navigate to the university community, and travel through Cyprus, in English only

3. There are very few schools and universities in Cyprus

– By 2008, there was only one (1) University of Cyprus

– In 2008, four private university college status granted by the Ministry of Education

– The University of Nicosia was founded over 25 years in parallel in the structure of American higher education and academic and administrative functions to the most American universities.

4. Institutions of Cyprus has promoted the study of the U.S. market and abroad.

– By 2004, when the University of Nicosia (formerly Intercollege) Global learning semester as an organization that develops the international marketing and support of students from the United States Inter College, there was little for the market to promote higher education student Cypriot American colleges

– Global learning semesters now supports hundreds of American college students in the University of Nicosia.

5. Why Cyprus, a partnership between the two communities by a demilitarized zone of the United Nations divided, some people might think that Cyprus is a dangerous place.

– Cyprus is a stable, democratic, prosperous member of the European Union, and has experienced no violence in connection with the state of the two communities since 1974.

– An ideal learning laboratory for students is the state of the two communities in Cyprus to get an ideal place for students of international relations, active in the UN negotiations, and national and ethnic divisions, a stable non-violent.

6. As Cyprus is to speak of the "Middle East" Some people think in the vicinity, perhaps, is an Arab nation and / or may have joined the security problems with "the Middle East.

– In the Mediterranean, Cyprus is a close ally and friend of neighboring Greece

– Cyprus is regarded as one nation "Christian" with the majority of Cypriots are Orthodox Christianity

– Geographic proximity is closer to Cyprus, Israel, Egypt and Turkey, the Western European counterparts to the

– Politics, Economics and International … Cyprus is a member of the European Union and therefore to the prosperity of Europe

– Culture … Cyprus has a long and varied history of life on the crossroads between Europe, the Middle East and the civilizations of North Africa and gain advantages from the perspective of cultural diversity and presents the average U.S. U.S. Student at a crossroads of the Mediterranean, the common objectives is to find for most Americans

Then, some important factors to see that every student should select a program of studies to overseas.

1. What are the academic opportunities?

2. "I am able to earn credits to add to my CV?

3. I need to meet requirements for the program?

4. If the cultural experience for my education and career goals and personal?

5. You support services for students to meet my needs?

6. "I can afford it?

University of options in Cyprus

About Unic: The University of Nicosia is an independent, co-educational, equal opportunity university which combines the best elements in western education, quality standards and a philosophy International.

The hotel is located in Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, an island at the crossroads of three continents, the university quickly became a center of global education. International Philosophy, the University students from around the world in a multicultural learning environment, promoting friendship, cooperation and understanding.

The University strives for excellence in education through high standards of teaching in an academic environment of continuous improvement. Besides teaching, the University offers students the opportunity to participate in a wide range of activities including student clubs, sports, conferences and seminars.

The University is actively involved in European research projects and local partners and the establishment of coordination involved. In addition, the University of Nicosia approval of the Erasmus University Charter and is an official participant of the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). The University of Nicosia is also active in the community with campaigns for various causes, including environmental protection. In recognition of this work, the institute has received the prestigious "Global 500" award from the United Nations. Other examples of community service campaigns against hunger and money for noble causes. In a current project so that teachers inmates acquire knowledge and skills in computer science, art and psychology.

encourages the academic tradition of most universities in the world to adopt the name of the city they inhabit. In reality, this happens almost as a rule, if the city in question seems to be the capital. The University of Nicosia is proud of the relationships and the condition to suspect that his name suggests. To this end, the university is committed to maintaining its position at the forefront of teaching, research and social services, in consultation with the institution stable currency (source "Excellence in Education" Http:. / / Www unic.ac.cy. nqcontent.cfm? a_id & tt = 5205 & lang = graphic = l1)

U.S. study abroad students can take courses in most academic departments (with the exception of education, as taught in Greek).

School of Business: Accounting, Business Administration, Finance, Management, Marketing, Management and Tourism Management Hotel, Sport Management

Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences & Law: multimedia, architecture, communication, language and literature, graphic, interior design, international relations, law, psychology, public relations and advertising

Faculty of Science, computer science, computer science, electrical engineering, nursing

University Preparation

Study abroad programs in credit programs at the University of Nicosia, which is compatible with the standards of the States of the scientific work at the college level.

Studying abroad is a major investment of time and money for most of you. Make sure to take the necessary steps to receive academic credit from their institution of study abroad.

All our work is carried out by qualified teachers teaching and the University of Nicosia is fully licensed. At the end of their stay abroad, you will receive an official certificate directly from the University of Nicosia.

Although our programs are a combination of travel and academics who do not distinguish the money for the trip or extracurricular activities. But registered as full-time student at the University of Nicosia.

It is important to understand the process of transfer credit from their college or university of origin, so that we appropriate steps can transfer credits.

Courses on the role of the University of Nicosia in semesters of lessons, academic rigor, classification and evaluation methods standard in most American colleges and universities. The transcript is published in English, so no problems for the translation of home education student.

Admission Requirements

Why the University of Nicosia operates all instructions and the class (in the camp at the School of Education) in English, students do not need in order to study abroad in Cyprus. In addition, since the majority of the population of Cyprus is fluent in English, is easy to navigate on Cyprus in English only.

"The cultural experience is important for my career goals, academic and personal?

Nicosia (it seems nik-o-see), the capital of Cyprus is a modern European city. Those who traveled to Europe and Cyprus, Nicosia and more familiar. Those who will not travel to Europe a "reduced" view of Europe as a historical region in the world and modern society and dynamic growth to get.

American students to participate in a trip abroad at the University of Nicosia by Global Learning this semester with 4,000 students and 1,000 local Cypriot students abroad. Students live in apartments in the residential area around the campus of the University of Nicosia.

Once again, Cyprus is a small country, not to overwhelming American students, including non-urban communities, so that students do not have to move with the necessary experience to take full advantage of the immersion in the community.

Cyprus is a country with a fascinating history and offers a meaningful experience for those interested in international relations, international affairs, history, management, economics and other humanities and social sciences.

Students Support Services

United States Students to participate in a program to study abroad services to students at the University of Nicosia developed to support premium experience to the characteristics of American students and foreign strategic plan study provides the necessary support to even the first time international travelers and travel comfort muli Land intelligent student, but the challenge of developing intercultural competence.

Global Learning Semester provides comprehensive support for students, including pre-departure orientation and on-site 24 / 7 on-site support staff, emergency procedures, field trips and extracurricular activities, strategic, housing, education and personal support. A member of NAFSA and the Forum on Education Abroad Semester Global learning has become a leading provider of study abroad for students in the United States.

Yes, this is Cyprus, a relevant educational and culturally in the U.S. Students studying abroad in the summer semester or year.

In the study scenario requires more than good grades and students not only in this competitive world, to discover that something is not important, but the execution is what counts. Since the level of training is to increase students in schools and universities are often tempted to serve its general studies program. I am looking for new methods of study to develop in order to manage their debts together with the complete program as well as possible. This study developed new methods are basic techniques and tools for students to give them their studies and programs as they like. the spirit of the various activities to learn faster at different rates and while some students than others. Although people have different concentrations and daily habits to them to study their time. So if a student is not able to get good grades should not be ignorant and reckless. Too many students are well trained, but are interested in any other area that may affect their studies. These students need to get the notes just to get that degree and are distinguished by something else can study found skills to use effectively. Change the shape or method of study is very useful in improving the quality without compromises in their area of interest. The study can be a suitable method for the level of the curriculum and more time to finish will be accepted. Study Skills few who can help you, your time during the test the reading speed, brought the study, sub-vocalization and fragmentation, which essentially includes the reading of the studies. As you can sharpen memory in a natural way, the spirit, by either improving the method of storage capacity. Changes in eating habits, sleep and study also contribute considerably. The amount of the curriculum in schools is relatively high, and students must understand and prepare for a lot of lessons and text in much less time. This difference in the level of education requires a change in the methods of investigation and study at the universities require much more seriously and play a decisive role in shaping the company. academic study skills include the cutting of pieces of irrelevant information, focusing on longer-oriented examination. In these studies, it is important to focus on securing the use of text on the basic idea in a form, identify simple to understand.

Advisory in effect for THE STUDY

S. DR. Hari Chandran

Study strategies

 

q periodic review should be reviewed in progress, if you have a deep knowledge of the topic. It should not be superficial and hasty. Cramming may help to remember certain facts, but do not give you a thorough understanding of a topic, you should be studied at the College of Education.

q systematic "You should start organizing a study at the earliest, the beginning of the semester

q Use a variety of techniques to be submitted in addition to the summary of their scripts, using various strategies for consideration. Plans shall be prepared to examine the relationship between the concepts they discuss in their field or form study groups with fellow students on various subjects and have studied their relations show both understanding and improving memory.

Q ratio in the shop is to understand the relationships between individual information such as their similarities and differences and use their relationship with the known information is a crucial advantage in a stress test.

Document write q is normal, you need to get copies of previous studies as soon as possible in the review process. Doing these exams before the end of the practical application of learning on specific topics and practice of examination techniques are given. This is also a good idea of how, time and number of questions during the test.

Participation in conferences q-eighth grade and tutorials and other information relevant to the tests. For example, on this subject, in one test, etc. to be expected?

Stress in the following areas in his review:

Points emphasized in class or in text boxes, the teacher informed the study of issues in the study guide, questions and comments at the end of the textbook chapters.

Study habits

q Decide what to study (reasonable task) choose and how long and how many chapters, pages, problems, etc. Set and keep running.

q difficult homework. For delay to start with something simple interesting project.

q There are special places for the study. Please note, lighting, temperature and the availability of materials.

q Investigation of 50 minutes, then 10 minutes rest. Stretch, relax, energy snacks.

q Are you tired or bored, switch / activities. Stop studying when they are not productive.

q prime duty of remembrance and examine information on everything, just before falling asleep.

q study with a friend. Competition to confront each other and predicted test questions.

 

Study Skills

Select physical conditions of the environment that you feel comfortable, for example, a certain space to go into the library, at home or in study hall in the lounge. Plan a schedule with a timetable, given the hour of the study and try to keep your plan. Mental activity-Remember that attention span is limited. So do not stand for 3-4 hours at a time of one page of notes. Wait an hour and read notes. the project or the actual use of the test questions and examine documents mentioned above, how little we know and understand in order to stop a break, a coffee or walk and mentally review what we have achieved. Back to school. Find the review process and the work will be useful and a model to establish. Quality of the students note that this is not the time to examine what is important the quality of the study period. Develop an understanding of the topic. The information contained in the memory rarely seen safely through their tests. Material selection, not of material to understand the severe, because if you do it just this material to be a problem for you, to take the exam is hesitation. Take this first material. Problems: If there are sections of the program, you can not understand, try to find the right teacher to help. But try not to leave until the day before the event. Ask someone like you. If these strategies do not work for you to use a variety of textbooks, some authors explain difficult concepts better than others.

CONCENTRATION

Concentration is the ability to direct their thoughts in any direction

Intention. We all have the ability to concentrate at times.

Think of the time they were included in the novel and film super-Total

Concentration. But sometimes your thoughts are scattered and the mind is racing

one to another. Learn the strategies of concentration and practice. It is an activity that good results can be achieved and reduce examination nerves "when carefully planned and carried out systematically. Rare Black coffee and sleepless nights before exams will allow you to do justice to his talent.

before the end of the course, a review of their written work and tests, often on the existence of close links between the consideration of questions and tests, tasks and projects. On this basis, we chose the best work and for review. Labour has been less successful, should include the recommendation of a tutor that can be monitored.

What changes can do for you:

v increases their ability to assess their knowledge and understanding.

• Provides the opportunity to discuss in connection with the investigation.

v take the exam and receive recognition of their talents.

The revised guidelines SUCCESS

 

ü Make sure you know in advance which topics covered in the examination in particular.

ü Keep copies of all documents, of course, projects, essay questions, and the title of the playlist on the file.

Define u as the basis of their review. Resist the temptation to try to start over again.

u To make the assessment of the work, a choice with the best quality.

ü You can compare your work to demand that the records of the previous question.

ü In this stage, it is important that you have enough material, answer all questions likely.

u If you decide to expand, what I do now takes less success and see if it can be improved by shifting the emphasis to fill gaps, correct errors of fact or understanding.

ü reduce any work that takes account of the form.

TIME

 

Avoid overloading.

Plan your program to sleep enough time for rest, relaxation, eating, exercise and socialization.

Breaking the study time to manage in amounts of time to avoid boredom and loss of concentration. 20-30 minute sessions are the best long-term study of six half hour sessions is much more effective than studying for three hours.

Do not put everything off until the last.

effective learning practice

 

With an environment for learning.

Breakdown of large tasks into more manageable.

Reading for understanding rather than reaching the end of the chapter.

Be prepared for questions that arise during the study, ask yourself, rather than wait a little before and a test.

Wait until the last minute not to complete their projects.

Check the program as soon as you see and get all the dates (and LAP) in your calendar.

As a model student.

Be attentive and participative learning in the classroom and on time, ready and willing.

Be flexible

 

unforeseen events such as illness, must fit into our program.

Learn how you arrange your schedule again if necessary (not to manage, but their management).

Do you have a vision

Do not forget the big picture.

Why do homework? This is important for the long-term goals?

And have a personal mission (professionals) and their activities are ultimately helps you achieve your goals.

Do you know what's important.

(Added value)

After a positive attitude.

Dr. Hari S. Chandran, M. Phil (Psy), Ph.D, PGDPC working as Cons. Deaddiction psychologist and the Department of Mental Health, Hospital Mission St.Gregorios Parumala. Kerala drhari7@hotmail.com

 

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The Chair of Jewish Studies has reconstituted at Stanford University School of Education, where students pursue culture, history, language, and all elements of the Jewish faith, religion is a salient feature. Be accepted by the authorities concerned of the allocation of $ 12,000,000. San Francisco, Jim Joseph Foundation, according to the general education, camps, youth groups, service learning and Jewish Travel Israel. Students will learn the religion of the Jewish people in America. This is part of the letter from Jim Joseph Foundation, the American Jewish community to offer education.

The Director of the Jim Joseph Foundation, Carlos Marcos says Edelberg, Ph.D.: "Only an investigation of the other major American universities currently offer a program: the University of New York, the foundation supports. "This program allows students to Jewish history, culture, language (Hebrew), and literature, as well as dynamic forms to explore the religious practice of Judaism. There is a certain religious studies, but a doctorate in education and Jewish studies . allowed two students per year in the first three years of the program, and the course for another student for each year after reaching a total of seven years. "The founder of the Stanford selected for this award because of its excellent reputation of the university. Stanford has a graduate program in Jewish studies strongly. The scholarship of the faculty of Stanford, both in education and Jewish studies, is great. "What makes this unique is its focus completely renovated education overall," said Dr. Jonathan Sarna, Joseph H. and Belle R. Braun Professor of American Jewish History
Brandeis University. "SUSE and the Jim Joseph Foundation, that education on issues of Jewish nationality, membership to understand a people and culture and religion, Judaism is a civilization, which includes both secular and Jewish elements."

In a statement, Stanford University, said: "With this generous gift, Jim Joseph Foundation to promote a new paradigm for thinking about the intersection of religion and education," said Sam Wineburg, Margaret Jacks Professor of Education and history that the effort out to Stanford. "We put our energy at the intersection of Jewish studies and education, because Stanford has a history of success of this area and because it is necessary to produce more scientists in this fund. The impact of this significant donation JJF lot of sense. Children worldwide have been trained in the religious institutions of the laity. However, I do not know, and have not started to really learn what the consequences for future generations. "Faculty of the Stanford School of Education is to do with researchers at the Stanford Taube Center for Jewish Studies work with this new focus." In truth, we have a new era of research and understanding of the input, such as cross-religion and education, "said Professor Verena Shemtob Kart, Co-Director of the Center for Jewish Studies dove." The center is on this new direction and work with teachers and students to contribute. We have long been involved in training the next generation of leaders in the study of Jewish history and literature of religion. Thanks to Jim Joseph Foundation will allow us new direction to train researchers who are not only universities but also K-12. was interviewed in connection with the problem, the Vice President and Dean of the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, California, owner Arthur by phone and e-mail of new president and his concentration. Here is the interview in the comments is that much money? Is the appropriate level of funding for this type of program, 12 million is a significant amount of resources to support faculty and President grants (eg grants) to support and programming, as conferences and seminars. What a price of $ GTU President? We give the reader a comparison. Specify chair in the faculty of the GTU would be a million 2.5. But that's not all that 12 million go to the dining room of Stanford professors, because the program offers scholarships and conferences. I think it's a gift that occur in the area of half a million dollars a year (4%). The amount of funding needed for the faculty dining room is probably more than is necessary. Are you surprised that Stanford could be an option for President? N Stanford has a strong and well established for this type of measure. And "certainly an appropriate place for this kind of study. You must have a high school education and a strong program for Jewish Studies of this kind of concentration. Who do you think could fill President? Obviously, someone, education specialist in both field studies and Jews . It is a research center for the post, so I'm sure Stanford has sought a learned Jew with a background in the field of Jewish education. What are the chairs and the creation of study areas: • This type of seat, out of a meeting of two things: first, donor, in this case,] Foundation [San Francisco Jim Joseph Foundation has a strong commitment to very specific topic. Then the question must fall within the mission of the university. This must be a kind of mixture is used. This (Stanford Jewish Studies chair and concentration) has a real opportunity to work. Stanford has done this before, and already a wide range of areas doctoral thesis at the Faculty of Education. If someone comes to school and says he will spend 12 million dollars for a chair in Buddhist studies, but the university is a business school with no program in religious studies, it will not work. You need a chair at a university, the nature of the work of the new program has to be achieved. As studies of Jewish concentration meets the criteria of religious education? Your opinion, please. Religious instruction must be as stringent as demanding and get the whole theory of education and scientific methods than any other kind of education. new program at Stanford seems to be a good example. Religious instruction is not a fluid type of education. demanding than public education, for example. It's a good thing when they see a religious community has seriously the "education" of religious education as the "religious". Sam Wineburg, a Stanford professor, played a key role in what the President $ 12,000,000 for Jewish Studies. In an interview, said: concentration "and not a program of school education?" Because students are admitted to doctoral SUSE curriculum and to focus more courses, allow them the "Education and Science of Judaism. Why a secular university like Stanford want to be involved in "religious education?" This is not the defense? The study of Jewish education, Islamic education or Catholic education is a science company similar to the study of bilingual education, teaching multicultural education or science. The frequency with which the intersections of religion and education are important issues in policy and practice, both historically and currently makes his extensive study of crucial importance. How can researchers better understand the role of religious education in the moral development? Such as schools, including programs that essentially universal and secular values and programs that reflect on a system of faith and tradition? How is the act of interpretive reading, when he approached analytically reverently before? This will be the companion of religion and its education system to more cross-cultural peace and understanding and the ability to cultivate hatred and intolerance are sowing? How can religious education was part of the multi-cultural society, remain pluralist and democratic "believers", both religious and democratic values? What is the role of religion and religious education in the development of identity, commitment and compassion? The intersection of religion and education affects many areas – from international security and economic development, issues of identity, community, and membership of researchers in various disciplines. This intersection guarantees the attention of scholars of education on hold. Why now? There is a new found interest in education and Jewish studies at top universities in our country. Michael Steinhart staff of the PhD Program in Education and Jewish Studies at the University of New York is the most important, but the positions and new programs have created some of the largest public and private universities: Penn Wisconsin, New York (Toronto), Brandeis to to name a few. One consequence of this development is that few qualified teachers to fill these positions. Research universities in the United States on the path to academic education and Jewish studies at the doctorate is from Stanford. We want to build on that record. In another press release from Stanford, said Dr. Rosov Wendy, a graduate of the initial concentration of Stanford, who now works as a consultant for private education, he Wineburg with a feasibility study for the new effort. It has the concentration was an important part of the team of Jim Joseph Foundation to Stanford his to the President and. "Stanford is a great institution, and we are confident of attracting the best academic talent and products to build and lead the field," said Chip Edelberg, Executive Director of the Jim Joseph Foundation. Teacher education will center working with researchers at Stanford Dove for Jewish Studies graduates to develop the curriculum, offer courses and seminars, consulting and. It is considered a reliable source that work center for Jewish studies and the university, faculty and promote today. Dove Center is a resource rich, the source said. Reports the Jewish Telegraphic Agency: For the school of education at the prestigious university … the grant is the largest in its history. The bag is large, even for a foundation that has set its focus on just the formal and informal Jewish education, which covers probably a bit "less than 10 percent of the annual grants by the foundation for the coming years, function of (President, Jim Joseph Foundation, Al Levitt. "This is part of our intention to build more Jewish educator in the broadest sense," Levitt said the Fundermentalist this week. "The idea was an important statement to make the value of Jewish education. If Stanford were not the best education department, is one of the best two or three "Rabbi Adlerstein Yitzoch Rabbinical Council of California's comments on Jewish studies. The idea of a gift of $ 12,000,000 a pleasure This shows that Jews who are still interested donors . impart Jewish causes. Absolutely no money, but not Jewish causes. It's good to have a President and the Department of Jewish Studies. The first question is that Jews, in reading the grant from the Department of interest today. When people have in mind the fundamental question of Jewish survival, there will be no Jews in the next generation, some of us are in the Orthodox a bit "disappointed that the initiatives with proven ability to capture the imagination of the programs capture the imagination the young Jewish Foundation President Jim Joseph Levitt is 12 million dollars was spent as he says in a report by the Jewish Telegraphic Agency: .. "We are a model for teachers and educators to speak to give to all eternity," said Levitt. " This is more than the school day. The education is that schools per day. Only 12 percent of the entire Jewish population to go to school day. This is a relatively small percentage – and that an important part of Orthodox Judaism. There are a number of young people not in school every day. We welcome teachers in all other areas of Jewish life and talking to people involved with programs and organizations are to make it to educate. The definition of education is very broad. What if the manager had graduated from Hillel, or what happens when a promotion was the managing director of B'nai B'rith? have the possibility of this type of impact. We "On some issues Fonrobert Charlotte Associate Professor, Co-Director, Center for the Deaf to the reader an idea of the religious imperative of the Presidency and the merger: Will it be a religious obligation Tienen really study to study not? Jewish program, a religious obligation "Aunque no estoy with Seguro de lo que quieres decir eso. We have two faculty members – I have my domain classical Judaism, the rabbinic literature, Talmud, and my colleague, Professor Steve Weitzman, whose field is the Hebrew Bible and the Judaism of the Second Temple – in the Teaching Department of Religious Studies. So we are both interested in the religious aspects of Jewish culture that for centuries played a central role in Jewish history. The center is essential, however, explore the many facets of Jewish culture (history, literature, religion), and the new president at the intersection of Jewish Studies and Education has another dimension for the development of a concentration has to be investigated how identity is influenced by the religious influence and training. You mean the question of Jewish education and the attention of the Presidency?

The aim of this chair is the intersection of Jewish studies, education and training for students will be able to analyze the impact that the role of Jewish education in K-12 education and. general "wait for the intersection of religion and education We (and hope) that this initiative is only the beginning of an academic initiative to explore the interface between religion and education in the broadest sense -. not only the Jewish context, the role of religion in the education, must be understood especially education K-12, in a broader and more critical, more children around the world trained in the religious institutions and schools in the United States each day.

"This extraordinary gift from the Jim Joseph Foundation, Stanford can run the country in the investigation of the relationship between culture, religion and education, Deborah Stipek, dean of the Faculty of Education said. Scholarships and fellowships studies in this area is crucial for the central role of religion in education and its wider implications for understanding humanity. We are very grateful to the Foundation for this opportunity .. "

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Study skills are a specialty, to the excess of students of all human spread. The two students have different learning styles

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In reading the text associated with your name to write to a clarification on points of great importance.

his other explanations for the day-think.

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Vocabulary is very important.

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Not test anxiety to creep into his emotions. Reduction of test anxiety and other expenses of the preparation time for both tests. Daub your chance to prove to the ground stunned for five days.

The main causes of these study skills support is another teacher or educator. It is not too proud to ask for help when you need it.

Enter below the details of an important goal for them to check on the morning of your test. If you are involved in mathematics or science curriculum more stunned to all formulas of great importance for the paper and the examination of these formulas the morning of his trial later write.

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